Critical Listening Paper Essay

Social psychologist Amy Cuddy presents a formal demonstrative speech on body language. The general purpose of the speech was to inform. Cuddy’s attire was formal. She was dressed in black high heels, black stockings, a black skirt, a long thin black cover-up, and jewelry—a heavy necklace and hoop earrings. The speaker’s introduction definitely captured my attention. She started her speech by stating that she would offer a â€Å"free no-tech life hack† additional to a request that she made to the audience; this definitely draws the audience into what she is about to say. The speaker engages with her audience by asking them to perform a certain act, while also enticing them with a free life-hack. It sure did enhance the speaker’s credibility because she is offering some kind of valuable advice to her audience. The audience is generally older in age (late 20’s & up), there is a mix of males and females, and there seems to be a good diversity in races. Most are dressed semi-formally if not formally. The speaker definitely adapts her remarks to the audience by catering to the characteristics of their demographics ex. Relating her topic to job interviews. The speaker establishes rapport with her audience through constant eye contact, communicative conversational tone, fluency, hand/arm gestures, and personal stories. Cuddy’s speech was about body language and how we see ourselves. The speaker’s thesis statement was the following: Fake it until you become it. The main points for this speech are the following: our non-verbals govern how we think and feel about ourselves (Power-posing), our bodies change our minds (Testosterone/cortisol levels), and our bodies change our behavior and our behavior changes our outcomes. The speaker uses the topical organizational pattern to deliver her speech. It is definitely appropriate for the topic and speaking situation. Her organization makes it easier for the audience to logically interpret and understand the important points that she is trying to make. Additionally, the speaker uses language to improve the effectiveness of her speech. She is very conversational which exerts the audience to be more alert, responsive, and empathetic to her. The speaker’s speaking voice is not monotone and she definitely uses effective vocabulary in her speech as well—not too difficult, but not too plain.  Additionally, the Cuddy uses the right amount of vocal expressions. Amy Cuddy mainly used images to support her material. Her short clip and images worked extremely well in supporting her main points/argument. Besides the effective images on her slideshow, the speaker’s use of her personal experiences and stories definitely supported her points. She establishes her credibility by telling a story that ultimately establishes her educational level; Cuddy is a professor at Harvard University. Cuddy concludes her speech by reiterating her thesis statement and reinforcing the speech’s general and specific purpose. She ends her speech with a call to action. The conclusion that she makes calls the audience to 1.) try power-posing and 2.) to share the science. The speaker provides closure to show the audience that her speech was finished with her call to action and thanking the audience. The speaker’s use of non-verbal elements of delivery was outstanding. Her arm and hand gestures were appropriate, she maintained meaningful eye contact/engagement throughout her entire speech, and her overall body language to her audience was one that really entices the audience to pay attention and be engaged. The speaker used presentation aids, and in my opinion, they were extremely effective and engaging. Moreover, it is clear to see that the speaker’s presentation aids were adequate supporting material through the audience’s reactions ex. Laughter, applause. In my opinion, the strongest part of the speech was the speaker’s story about her personal experience. This was part of the body of her speech and it was her supporting evidence for one of her main points. She used emotion to appeal to her audience about her tragic accident and her journey to recovery and â€Å"faking it until you become it†. This was the strongest part of the speech because it is memorable and got a strong reaction out of the audience. Not only that, but it was great supporting material for the speaker’s thesis. On the other hand, there weren’t any weaknesses to Cuddy’s speech necessarily. If I had to choose one weak point however, it would be the transition from the body to the conclusion. This was the weakest part of the speech because it was difficult to concretely establish the concluding paragraph of the speech. I could not tell whether the ending was part of the speech’s body and the conclusion was just extremely short, or whether the conclusion of the speech was very long. A better transition into the conclusion would make the speech better. The setting of this speech was  extremely formal. The size of the room was fairly large—it appeared like a theatre. Cuddy is atop a large stage and the spotlight is on her. The room is darker where the audience is. This kind of setting impacts the speech in a way that makes the speaker the center of attention. The audience gives supportive feedback to the speaker. They laugh at all the right times, and the Cuddy responds to this feedback by really engaging with the audience through her questions and affirmations in a non-overdoing way. At the end of her speech, the members of the audience stand up from their seats while giving her a big applause. On a scale of 1-10, I would rate this speaker a 10. This is because this speaker encompassed every characteristic that an effective speaker should portray. She obviously knows what she is doing and has had sufficient practice and experience. I would definitely enjoy listening to Cuddy again because not only was her topic very interesting and enjoyable to listen to and learn about, but she was a great speaker in general. I especially liked the way that she catered her speech to her audience. In my opinion, there weren’t issues that the speaker should have addressed but did not. The speech was succinct and effective. The conclusion of the speech, however, was either too long or too short. I could not tell whether the ending was part of the body and the conclusion was just extremely short, or whether the conclusion was just very long. Works Cited Cuddy, A. (2012, October). Your body language shapes who you are. Retrieved July 30, 2014, from TED: http://www.ted.com/playlists/171/the_20_most_popular_talks_of_a

History Of Bloodstain Patterns Essay

Function of bloodstain pattern analysis Bloodstain pattern interpretation/analysis has been around for many years but has only really been recognized in the past several decades. This interpretation/analysis is like a very important tool that an investigator or forensic scientist may use to help them better understand what happened or what did not happen in a case where there was bloodshed. Discoverable through the examination of bloodstain pattern The information that can be discovered or obtained when examining bloodstain patterns can help in apprehending a suspect, corroborating a witnesses statement, interrogating suspects, allowing for reconstruction of past events and lastly but probably the most important exonerating an accused. All bloodstains can provide important specifics to an event that occurred during an incident, so they are always examined. This is a very crucial part of an investigation, but it is never 100%, errors do occur. â€Å"Static Aftermath† There is such a thing called â€Å"static aftermath.† What an analyst evaluates is the static aftermath of an event; the shapes, volumes, patterns, number and size of bloodstains and their relationships to the scene. Timeline of bloodstain pattern analysis Surprisingly to me the study of bloodstain patterns has been going on since the 1800’s. On the following page is a time line showing the history of bloodstain patterns interpretation/analysis. The timeline I made begins in the 1860’s and goes through the 1970’s, not every significant moment is included on this particular timeline. 1970’s – MacDonell worked under a LEAA grant, and completed 3 different articles through the 1990’s. He has trained many in law enforcement and has developed courses to continue to train analysts. 1970’s – MacDonell worked under a LEAA grant, and completed 3 different articles through the 1990’s. He has trained many in law enforcement and has developed courses to continue to train analysts. 1863 -The Beck’s wrote â€Å"Elements of Medical Jurisprudence,† which discussed cases in which bloodstain pattern analysis was utilized. 1863 -The Beck’s wrote â€Å"Elements of Medical Jurisprudence,† which discussed cases in which bloodstain pattern analysis was utilized. 1939 – Balthazard is known for doing original research and experimentation with bloodstains and patterns. 1939 – Balthazard is known for doing original research and experimentation with bloodstains and patterns. 1882 – Professor Charles Tidy published â€Å"Legal Medicine.† 1882 – Professor Charles Tidy published â€Å"Legal Medicine.† 1955 – Dr. Kirk submitted bloodstain evidence and findings in a case; this was significant in recognition of bloodstain evidence by the legal system. 1955 – Dr. Kirk submitted bloodstain evidence and findings in a case; this was significant in recognition of bloodstain evidence by the legal system. 1895 – Piotrowski published a book concerning blood stains from blows to the head. 1895 – Piotrowski published a book concerning blood stains from blows to the head. 1880 – Henry Faulds published, â€Å"On-skin Furrows of the Hand,† described bloody fingerprints and their likely usage to identify the criminal. 1880 – Henry Faulds published, â€Å"On-skin Furrows of the Hand,† described bloody fingerprints and their likely usage to identify the criminal. 1856 – Lassaigne wrote a paper that included discussion of marks that appeared to be bloodstains but was from insects. 1856 – Lassaigne wrote a paper that included discussion of marks that appeared to be bloodstains but was from insects.

Gun control in my community and nationally Research Proposal

Gun control in my community and nationally - Research Proposal Example According to Guns and Crime 2012, the policies and laws regarding gun control are different within states in the USA making it hard to streamline the problem nationally. Nationally, the provisions under the second amendment are also broad meaning that it has contributed to the acceptance of the gun culture in America. The film and video gaming industries in America is also another avenue that contributes to this societal problem as this industry has painted gun violence as a heritage for the American population. With this essay will delve into some of the national and local resources that exist concerning gun control both nationally and locally with an aim on their effectiveness and failure. As it has emerged, gun ownership serves as a portion of the gun control issue, but it is a matter of relevance in combating gun violence. Ideally, many federal states do not allow the legal sale of guns to under age children, which is policy that cuts across many jurisdictions. On the contrary, the fourteenth amendment is also a fundamental area that allows citizens to acquire licensed firearms for self-protection making it possible for innocent civilians to take charge of their safety. Therefore, this has helped promote equality for the minority groups residing in America because America has developed into a multicultural society. This means that gun ownership does not have restriction to a particular race as it used to be in the colonial days. On the other hand, the policies that exist regarding gun ownership also create a loophole making them subject to review. For instance, the creation of the background checks system in 1993 was one whose intention was to ensure that those that acquire guns are law-abiding citizens and not prior offenders (Guns and Crime 2012). However, proponents argue that this check system should also include those that have prior substance abuse problems and those implicated in domestic

IFRS and Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

IFRS and Accounting - Essay Example The IFRS has in recent times been working closely with the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) which is mandated with the provision of the U.S. GAAP (an equivalent of IFRS) for implementation by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) among all publicly listed corporations within the U.S. to harmonize the differences existing between the IFRS and the U.S. GAAP. This is very well demonstrated in the U.S. Security and Exchange Commission (SEC) move in 2007 to a adopt a policy that would permit non-U.S corporations that are listed on the U.S stock exchange to use IFRS in their financial statements instead of the U.S. GAAP. A year later, SEC further edged towards the use of IFRS completely by issuing a road map document that highlighted the steps towards full adoption of the IFRS among publicly traded companies by the year 2014. This move is targeted at publicly traded companies and The American Institute of CPAs has responded with a call for the formation of a separate entity or committee to govern the accounting standards for private corporations. The IFRS and U.S GAAP differ significantly in so far as inventory costs are concerned. It is greatly believed that as the two accounting standards continue being harmonized prior to full adoption of IFRS by 2014, a number of inventory cost methods currently in use under GAAP will cease to be applicable in financial reporting. This will have far reaching consequences in financial accounting for numerous publicly traded companies. But as G?unther and Zoltan (2011) argue, the degree of secondary effect on management accounting will be relatively limited. In spite of this, the... This essay approves that management accounting is faced with numerous challenges in its presently uncontrolled structure unlike financial accounting which is administered under the IFRS and other local GAAPs. One notable challenge to management accounting is the subjective approach with which it is inevitably implemented. Management accounting usually involves a cost-benefit analysis whereby the aim is to have the perceived benefits exceed the implementation costs. In addition, although financial measures are typically used to inform management accounting decisions, other measures can as well be used e.g. time where money cannot be used to present events. for instance time can be used to express service quality for Amazon.com which values fast delivery of items to buyers, in airlines where timely departures and arrivals represent successful operations. This paper makes a conclusion that the introduction of IFRS regulations by the EU parliament paved way for the internalization of financial accounting. IFRS has since gained momentum and characterizes the financial accounting systems of most countries. Also plans are underway for the U.S. to drop its currently used U.S. GAAP for the IFRS by the year 2014. The report has seen how financial accounting differs with management accounting and explored the extent to which international harmonization of accounting regulations in line with IFRs has been achieved. It has also discussed some of the drawbacks inherent in the hitherto unregulated management accounting.

Genre Analysis a Key to a Theory of ESP Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Genre Analysis a Key to a Theory of ESP - Essay Example As stated in the module, there is a strong distinction between genres and text types; the former refers to the ‘external criteria’ or the nature of the content of the prose whereas, text type refers to the organization or the linguistic form of the text. It is not just a question whether or not I apply this knowledge when composing my essays or any written material but this is, in fact, necessary for any individual who has a keen interest in writing. Not only for the sake of coherence but once the writer has a firm grasp of the dynamics of genres and text types, they can steer the reader’s attention towards the true essence of the text and can help them decipher the writer intentions and emotions through the prose. Whilst writing a text pertaining to the horror genre, a writer would never employ a romantic setting or tone to help stimulate the reader’s imagination and that is why the distinction is necessary to make so that the writer knows which way to steer and the kind of description they must use to maintain the overall tone of the essay. Specifying the genre narrows down the line of thought for the writer that in turn enables us to create scenes and characters that complement the overall sense of the text. Similarly, for me, it is helpful as it tells me where precisely I should focus on and what kind of vocabulary is to be used to establish appropriate imagery and cohesion to make the written text sound consistent. Even though the terms text type and genre are actually mean different things but they are highly dependent upon each other since a genre is very helpful in enabling the writer to choose the most appropriate form of organization or text type that can project the writer’s implication.

Reformation and the Arts Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Reformation and the Arts - Assignment Example In an attempt to keep the followers in the church, the Catholic religion undertook their own self-reformation, which came to be known as the Counter-Reformation. One aspect of their disagreement was over the portrayal of their visual art. The resulting factions created different artistic styles, though their outcome would be counterproductive to their original intent. The church had fallen under negative scrutiny during the fourteenth century and was marked by material excesses by church leaders while oppressing the lower clergy. Humanism and the Renaissance ideas were cultivated in Rome and their perceived abuses became the target of newly empowered city-states. The decline of papal power and material corruption of the church during the 14th and 15th centuries set the stage for the first severe blow to the church, the papal schism in 1378 (Kirsch 1911). However, the most popular symbolic blow came when Martin Luther nailed the Ninety-Five Theses to the door of the Wittenberg Church in 1517 (Bates 1999, Luther 1915). The Theses called for a dramatic overhaul of the church and began the Reformation. The Counter-Reformation is the period of "Catholic revival from the pontificate of Pope Pius IV in 1560 to the close of the Thirty Years War, 1648" (Pollen 1908). During this period the church tried to rebuke the Lutherans and Protestants for their stand on the subservience of Church to State, the marriage of the clergy, and doctrinal error (Pollen 1908). However, the church underwent little fundamental change, did not alter the State constitutions, or generate any great enthusiasm by its members. One noticeable change the church underwent was the portrayal of its visual arts. The church had moved away from art dominated by religious figures and had begun to portray man as the center of spiritualism as in Michelangelo's Creation of Adam circa 1500. Reformers believed this elevated man to a state of spiritual arrogance and wanted art to represent only religious figure s. The church did do some movement back toward commissioning strictly religious art during the Counter-Reformation (Nosotro 2005).

Middle eastern cultures 201 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Middle eastern cultures 201 - Essay Example s share many an orthodox with rigid rules in nations like Saudi Arabia, where ‘Burqa’ clad women are respected and western influences are not so welcome. In the first paragraph of the essay I have attempted to discuss on now westerners are in UAE and the second paragraph I have detailed how their lives have changed. I have supported the essay with real life narrations and information from the web. The role of westerners in building the UAE is undisputed as technology is mainly imported from western nations. The technical expertise to build marvels and oil extractions from the oil rich Middle East is made possible with western leadership in companies that provide services and infrastructure in UAE. I Sample this mention from the web: Dubai and the United Arab Emirates are growing in popularity as potential destinations for a fresh start. With Dubai offering a wealth of opportunities, as well as financial bonuses such as tax free income and a rapidly booming economy, growing number of westerners (in particular) are heading for the sun drenched shores.(globalvisas.com) Recalling a westerner’s writing in the web, â€Å"If I can count myself as evidence, people in the UAE like and respect Americans . . . Living here is easy as because the UAE is one of the most tolerant countries in the Muslim world . . . But non-Muslims can get a license to purchase alcohol†. (escapeartist.com).This indicates the freedom of a westerner in UAE. However, it appears that the sunny side isn’t enough. Westerners have become a sort of bà ªte noire post gulf invasion and there has always been a simmering anger against westerners particularly amongst the extremist groups. This has given rise to a constant consternation in the western fraternity. Consider the statement â€Å"There are however recently been threats against westerners in the UAE, as in the UK, Europe and the USA† (paradise.com). This explains that among the rosy fragrance of an UAE living, the thorns also need to be

CRJS405DB4 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

CRJS405DB4 - Research Paper Example These include but not limited to collation, filtering, visualization and processing of data. Collation is the major role played by Excel. It involves gathering items that are related together into a solitary location, the spreadsheet. This aids in facilitating interpretation of data as only those records that are related are kept together. The organization of data in the spreadsheet also enhances clarity and neatness of the records, making access and retrieval easy and faster. Filtering is also another important feature offered by Excel. The data sets can also be easily visualized, making the work of the managers easy and more efficient to perform. SPSS can be defined as an integrated collection of tools for analysis of data commonly used and applied by social scientist researchers ( Mckeh & David, 2004). It is a computer based software package for quantitative data analysis commonly used for analysis of statistical data and other data management tasks. SPSS offers predictive analytics, a common feature which is beneficial to all businesses regardless of their industry. This feature involves predicting changes in the future trends in selling patterns. The results are then translated quickly into a number of harmonized decisions which aid in management and planning for future trends. This helps organization to take caution of possible risks of failure in the future, thus adjusting their operations to fit the situation ( Wagner, 2011). This saves money and improves customer satisfaction, thus ensuring continued success of the business. Future losses are prevented before occurring. When one uses the data garnered in a survey as a tool to develop a profile of features to be used by the company when hiring workers and call that Ideal, it could mean a stagger in the ethics of business. This is equated to having a mold of potential employees and calling them ideal (Cooper $ Vault, 2009). Each of them will be diversified in the

Elements of Religious Traditions Essay Example for Free

Elements of Religious Traditions Essay The term religion can bring up mixed emotions in people. Many people have different religious views and their traditions usually follow that religion. Religion is very vast and there are many different forms, views, traditions, and beliefs within each religion. Certain religions are monotheism, some are polytheism, and others are pantheism. Each religion encourages relationships with the divine, sacred time, sacred space or the natural world, and relationships with others. Relationships with the divine According to Molloy (2010), â€Å"All religions are concerned with the deepest level of reality, and for most religions the core or origin of everything is sacred and mysterious† (p 7). Each religion often calls the sacred by name such as Divine Parent, Great Spirit, the Divine, and the Holy to name a few (Molloy, 2010). Monotheism is a term that means belief in one God (Molloy, 2010). Polytheism is the belief in many Gods or Goddesses; the multiple Gods may be separate or a multiple manifestation of the same sacred reality (Molloy, 2010). Pantheism is the belief that the sacred as being discoverable within the physical world, in other words nature itself is holy (Molloy, 2010). Recently there are people who tend to deny the existence of any God or gods which is described as atheism (Molloy, 2010). Relationship with Sacred Time According to Molloy (2010), â€Å"Our everyday lives go on in ordinary time, which we see as moving forward into the future. Sacred time, however, is the time of eternity†(p 43). Many people have different names for this measurement of time such as the Artic people refer to it as â€Å"distant time†, Australian aboriginals refer to it as â€Å"dream time†(Molloy, 2010). Although there are many different names for sacred time they all refer to the time of eternity and each religion has a different theory on sacred time. Some people believe that sacred time is cyclical and returns to its origins for renewal. Others feel that by recalling and ritually reliving the deeds of the gods and ancestors (Molloy, 2010). Indigenous religions even structure their daily lives to conform to mythical events in sacred time which creates a sense of holiness in their daily lives (Molloy, 2010). Certain religions strongly encourage a relationship with sacred time and others tend to not worry about sacred time. Christianity for instance knows that someday Christ will return to earth however most Christians do not center their lives on waiting for this day. However some Christians live everyday as if it will be the day He returns and strive to be worthy in His eyes when that day does come. Relationship with Sacred Space or the Natural World Just like ordinary time there is also ordinary space. Sacred space refers to the doorway in which the other world of gods and ancestors can contact us and we can contact them (Molloy, 2010). Sacred space is often considered the center of the universe where powers and holiness are strongest; where we can go to renew our own strength (Molloy, 2010). In certain native religions sacred space is a mountain, great volcano, or other striking natural site. In Australian aboriginal religions Uluru (Ayers Rock) is their sacred center (Molloy, 2010). Sacred space can also be constructed into a certain shape, special building, or a boundary. For some religions, sacred space is often in the form of a church where people go to worship, pray, and learn about God; some churches are even built extremely tall to be â€Å"closer† to God. Critical Issues What should we study in order to properly understand religions? What attitude should we have when we study the religions of others? How can researchers be objective? These are just some of the complex questions that researchers should ask before attempting to study religions. Some of the issues in the first century included inability to travel, incomplete scriptures, or the translation they depended on were not accurate (Molloy, 2010). One of the main critical issues when studying religion is forming a prior opinion that can create a bias on the research. If a Buddhist is studying Christianity his opinion could be bias because of his own personal opinions on religion or a preference of his own beliefs versus the other. Conclusion Religion is sometimes defined as to join again. According to the common dictionary the word religion is defined as â€Å"a system of belief that involves worship of a God or gods, prayer, ritual, and a moral code† (Molloy, 2010 p 5). Within each religion there are specific beliefs, traditions, and values. Many religions encourage the relationships with the divine, sacred time, sacred space or the natural world. It is also crucial to identify critical key issues when studying religions. Whether someone worships one God, many gods, goddesses, or denies any existence of God or gods it is important to look inside each religion with an open mind. References Molloy, M. (2010). Experiencing the world’s religions: Tradition, challenge, and change (5th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

Easter Egg Packaging Research Essay Example for Free

Easter Egg Packaging Research Essay Please select only 1 response for each question by placing an X in the response you feel most comfortable with unless you are told to select more than 1 response. (1) What is your gender? Male Female (2) What age range do you fit in? Age range is measured in years. 0-16 17-21 22-30 31-40 41-50 51-59 60-64 65+ (3) What is your ethnicity? Please choose the ethnic minority group you feel you best fit in and the ethnic minority groups are measured in the Self Defined Ethnicity (SDE) codes. A1 Indian A2 Pakistani A3 Bangladeshi A9 Any other Asian background B1 Caribbean B2 African B9 Any other Black background O1 Chinese O9 Any other ethnic group M1 White and Black Caribbean M2 White and Black African M3 White and Asian M9 Any other mixed background W1 British W2 Irish W9 Any other white background (4) Do you like Easter Eggs? Yes No (5) Do you shop for Easter Eggs? Yes No (6) What is your current occupation? (7) What is your current annual salary? Please state your current annual salary by using the British currency of pounds (i ). (8) How much are you most like to spend on your Easter Eggs? Please use the British currency of pounds (i ) for the spending of Easter eggs. i 0. 01 i 2. 99 i 3. 00 i 4. 99 i 5. 00 i 6. 99 i 7. 00 + (9) Where are you most likely to shop for your Easter Eggs? If necessary, please select more than one option. Tesco Asda Sainsburys Morrisons Netto Iceland Lidl Aldi Somerfield MS John Lewis Waitrose Thorntons WH Smith Other (Please specify below) (10) What Easter egg Company are you most likely to buy? If necessary, please select more than one option. Cadburys Nestle Kraft Masterfoods Lindt Other (Please Specify Below) (11) For your Easter egg, which chocolate do you most prefer? If necessary, please select more than one option. White Chocolate Dark Chocolate Milk Chocolate Other (Please Specify Below) (12) What do you like with your egg in the Easter egg box? If necessary, please select more than one option. Novelties Chocolate Bars Toys Sweets Other (Please Specify Below) (13) For your Easter Egg Box, which theme do you prefer? If necessary, please select more than one option. TV Film Comedy Cartoon Anime Sports Gaming Action Adventure Music Modern Classical Retro Jesus Old Other (Please Specify Below) What do you look for when buying an Easter Egg Box? If necessary, please select more than one option. Blue Pink Red Metallic Primary Colours Other (Please Specify Below) Small Medium Large What shape do you prefer for your Easter egg box? If necessary, please select more than one option. Cube Cuboid Spherical Pyramid Hemi-Spherical Cylinder Cone Other (Please Specify Below)

The Importance Of Meaningful Learning Education Essay

The Importance Of Meaningful Learning Education Essay A qualification, whether for teaching for otherwise, does not make one a professional. The attributes for a professional teacher come from interactions with students, co-workers and parents. It requires a well-mannered, calm, punctual and well trained approach to all situations that may arise over the course of a career while also following and embracing new changes and protocol at the workplace. It is critical to maintain respect and confidentiality within a classroom environment and set examples for students to follow. Arguably, students will lead by example depending on which age group the teacher in question is dealing with. Because of these factors, presenting oneself in a professional manner is imperative to the success of the teacher and students alike. It is important to understand that each student is different, and the age groups that one is working with have different attitudes and approaches to challenges and learning. The impact of how you present yourself and the information you deliver to your students can be vastly rewarding or gravely detrimental to the classroom environment. It can be easy for a teacher to make his or herself popular to students, but often difficult to balance this with what the curriculum requires and ensuring results the end of term tests/reports. Interaction with a group of students requires a professional standard of behaviour polite, firm and fair would be an easy way to sum this up. Another paramount attribute of a professional teacher is to lead by example in behaviour, dress and manners. Students cannot be expected to act in a calm, professional manner if the teacher they learn from is not observing these standards. In this case, a teacher must be punctual and respectful of those around him/her in order to achieve mutual respect in the classroom. Truthfully, one must be able to present the current subject with confidence and knowledge, granting the students proper fortitude to ask questions. It is important to have knowledge of the subject, but also to portray this knowledge to the students in a way that is easy to understand. To do this, a teacher must employ pedagogical knowledge; this may include a system or mnemonics, examples, demonstrations, metaphors, simulations or models (Eggen Kauchak 2010). With visual aids, subjects gradually become simpler to explain and easier for students, and with this, students become less frustrated and more satisfied with the teacher, and themselves. Module 2 A failure to target the zones of Proximal Development The distance between the actual developmental level as determined by independent problem solving and the level of potential development as determined through problem solving under adult guidance, or in collaboration with more capable peers (L.S. Vygotsky: Mind in Society p. 86) From this weeks study into this topic I can deduct many times within my experience where I had failed to target this zone, or the same situation had been put upon me. As a voluntary student of a foreign language, I indeed find many conflicting ideas within non-native speakers, also vast amounts of confusion and disarray when speaking/reading and writing. Recently, a few of my friends and I were practicing our language skills, a new friend of mine was a newcomer to this form of study, and was yet to gain a concrete knowledge of the topic. It was in this instance where I had, so to say jumped the gun on the abilities of those around me, being that I have been studying the topic for more than a year. The newcomer, who had just entered the group, seems confused and frustrated, mainly with the shock that her skills which she believed were well-studied were actually lacking in focus and practicality. Through this disarray of confusing mannerisms I had approached the newcomer offering assistance, however, said assistance was not presented in her mother tongue. There were parts of the language she could understand, parts she could build upon and parts she had not covered yet which only resembled meaningless and confusing sounds. Upon reflection, this greatly represents Vygotskys graph (L.S. Vygotsky: Mind in Society) explaining the three specific zones that one can be placed in terms of the subject at the present time. I had given amounts of information to the girl, but not the means to properly use it. A selection of gramma r terms that were far beyond what she had heard before would not assist her in constructing sentences and communicating with those around her. At a later date, this was rectified with more collaboration with her, through this practice and development we have both become more advanced with the topic, pointing out each others mistakes and forming group discussions on how to improve ourselves. Module 3 As a Professional Teacher As a university student in the discipline of teaching it is easy to assume that on the first day of walking into a classroom, the students will consider a new teacher as a new friend. This would be an ideal situation, however for most new teachers; a very neutral response is given from their new students. It is important in this case, to establish a system of behavioural consequence. This means a system of reinforcement and punishment to keep a positive environment (Eggen Kauchak 2010 p.168). The reality is that all faculties at one point or another will be faced with situations where discipline will need to be applied, however it is important to understand which degrees of management need to be applied for different situations. There are three degrees of misbehaviour, and each degree requires different action.    The most subtle of these methods is plain punishment, which decreases the likelihood that the incident will occur again (Eggen Kauchak 2010 p.168); this can be the event of a student talking in class. The next level is presentation punishment; this is a decrease in behaviour from being given a stimulus. The final level is removal punishment, in which a decrease in behaviour occurs from a stimulus being removed (Eggen Kauchak 2010 p.168). Along with understanding these principles, it is critical to know how to apply them effectively, and which methods of ineffective or inappropriate. One degree of these forms is Desists. Desists are non-verbal methods that a teacher uses to stop disruptive behaviour (Eggen Kauchak 2010 p.172).  This is appropriate for small disturbances; however this may not be strong enough for a larger disturbance and may require means such as a Timeout. A time out is a method involving removing the student from his or her peers so as the student cannot receive positive reinforcement from others. The final method of this is Detention, which is similar to the previous time out method. While these two are similar, the detention method is typically used more commonly with older students. This method aims to take away the free time of disruptive students by assigning them with after school time (Eggen Kauchak 2010 p.172). Most commonly students will need to sit and do nothing for at least half an ho ur, which for a disruptive student can be very tedious. Therefore, this method is very strong with discouraging the behaviour. Module 5 The Importance of Meaningful Learning. It can be often noted that the motivation and attention span of students can often be hard to grasp and expand upon; this can create many barriers to the learning experience of the student and the teaching experience of the teacher. It is for this reason that educators are constantly examining teaching methods in the aim to create the best environment. Since the birth of education there have been countless psychological theories regarding how information is received, perceived and processed by the learner. One of these many theories the theory of relevance proposed by Dan Sperber and Deirdre Wilson, this theory suggests that one will search for their own meaning within any form of communication (Sperber, Dan and Deirdre Wilson. 1987). The concept of a real-world task, often called an authentic task is to create an activity for the students which require a similar pattern of thought to that required in a real world setting (Eggen Kauchak, 2010 p.233). This is a useful tool for the teacher to encourage motivation and convey to the students the importance of the topic while preparing for the situation when it occurs out of the classroom environment. A teacher can easily convey the importance of this by remarking upon the studies in previous years that the students had partaken in. For example, a first grade student will learn to read and write, because of the extreme relevance of this task, it is placed as an educational priority for young students. Reading and writing become increasingly important once the students begin new studies, the new skill gained from this education has prepared them for a great variety of real world situations. Meaningful learning occurs within real world tasks because of the relevance and impact on motivation it gives the students. A student drawing meaning and relevance from a task is a critical issue in the retention of knowledge, a strong amount of communication and involvement with students is a highly profitable tool in the aim of increasing knowledge. It is critical to display the information of the task to the students, but equally as important to explain why it needs to be taught. A teacher can easily gather materials to demonstrate real-world tasks, such as creating models, giving examples and preparing presentations. The greatest learning occurs when the students knows that the knowledge is critically important to obtain, for this reason, the most meaningful learning occurs within real-world tasks. Module 6 Motivational Learning. Motivation is at the heart of all learning (Eggen Kauchak, 2010 p.283), it involves goal-directed activity being instigated and sustained (Eggen Kauchak 2010. P.284). To begin to understand motivation, it is important for the learner to ask why the information is meaningful to them. Every teacher wants their students to be motivated, and many mistakenly believe that the content they are teaching while provide motivation the students without any amount of stimulation. While some students are naturally driven learners, others require inspiration from their teachers and peers, students who are internally driven to learn will more often willingly work to improve their skills (Wigfield, A. Et al. 2004. p. 299-309). Some students will be self-determined, and possess an internal motivation to act and control their environment (Eggen Kauchak 2010. P.291), many students with this kind of internal motivation are consciously aware of their academic progress (Schacter, Daniel. 2011. p.340). There are many ways to encourage motivation within the classroom, along with giving rewards to those show motivation and encourage others. Some ways to encourage students include visual methods such as creating models and presentations, the increases the attention span of students. Other methods to increase motivation include, praising students in big and small ways, spreading enthusiasm, creating real-world tasks to raise interest in the subject and involving the students in classroom activities. An open and positive atmosphere is one that all educators should desire to create; this means a democratic and communicative approach to learning. A teacher should call upon students in groups as well as individually and create lesson plans that differ from one another. One can also call upon methods such as incentive theory, in which a reward is presented for a positive action. Another useful method of motivating and empowering students is to hand over a certain extent of responsibility, many primary school have systems that permit older students to pass knowledge onto new and younger students. This system is useful for two factors; the younger student gains knowledge from a peer, rather than a teacher, this makes the student feel comfortable, simultaneously the older student is entrusted with a duty of care and responsibility toward the younger student, this can greatly increase motivation and pride in ones own skills. It is critical to view your students as customers receiving a service, and a certain level of service is expected. As with any service provided, it is important to keep ones customers interested and returning, the social construct of a classroom can be easily related to this. Module 9 The Essential Skills of a Teacher A great teacher needs to be a great person, a great teacher can come in many forms and the style of teaching may not always be strictly academically oriented. A great teacher is one who does not leave a single student behind, one who is not afraid to change the plan of the lesson on short notice and conveys knowledge that is easy to understand while encouraging the joys of learning. A learning environment aims to expand not only knowledge, but social interaction; an important technique is to focus on involving each and every student in an environment of cooperation and social tranquillity. This environment may be difficult to achieve, and the techniques for many are more easily conveyed in text rather than real-world interaction. Because of this fact, faced with great hostility in the beginning, many new teachers must call upon their training and personality to create a classroom of keen young learners. One must be equipped with a set of essential skills from academic and personal backgrounds. Some of these skills include attitudes, organisation, communication, focus, feedback, questioning, review and closure (Eggen Kauchak, 2010 p.400). With these skills, a teacher can organise and motivate a class, inspiring students to further pursue new knowledge and complete previously set goals. Effective communication is the key to any social environment; I believe I possess precise language, connected discourse, transition signals and emphasis to convey a point to an audience. Feedback to students is essential for progress, praise given to individual students helps develop relationships; this must be equally distributed among all students for the greatest effect. A teacher praises a student based on answers they expect to hear at the same level of answered they actually hear (Good Brophy, 2008). It is paramount to communicate and collaborate with students effectively, to this effect one should desire to create what is referred to as a community of learners. This community aims to create a learning environment in which all students and teachers work together for the good of everyone (Eggen Kauchak, 2010, p.228). A good teacher emphasises the importance of sociocultural theory to create further dimensions of learning, this theory suggests that one should place importance on the larger cultural context in which learning occurs (Kozulin, 1998). As a teacher in training, I believe I possess social and enthusiastic skills to create a positive environment, with the further study into this degree I can gain a comprehensive understanding of how to convey raw knowledge to an audience more effectively, I believe through experience and study I can improve these skills. The most difficult skill to acquire and develop is a vast cultural understanding of the different cultures and attitudes faced in todays classrooms. Although these challenges may seem daunting in the beginning, they produce great effects one the goals are accomplished. Eggen, P., Kauchak, D. (2010). Educational psychology: windows on classrooms. New  Ã‚  Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc. Good, T. L., Brophy, J. E. (2008). Looking in Classrooms (10th ed.). New York: Pearson. Kozulin, Alex 1998. Psychological Tools: A Sociocultural Approach to Education L.S. Vygotsky: Mind in Society: Development of Higher Psychological Processes Schacter, Daniel. (2011) Psychology. Worth Publishers. Sperber, Dan and Deirdre Wilson. (1987) Prà ©cis of Relevance: Communication and Cognition. Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 10, 697-754. Wigfield, A., Guthrie, J. T., Tonks, S., Perencevich, K. C. (2004). Childrens motivation for reading: Domain specificity and instructional influences. Journal of Educational Research.

Margaret Atwood’s Surfacing †Is the Film More Absurd than the Novel? :: Comparison Compare Contrast Essays

Margaret Atwood’s Surfacing – Is the Film More Absurd than the Novel? Surfacing, starring Joseph Bottoms, is not only an astute interpretation of Atwood’s work, but it is also a marvellous film in itself. Yes, marvellous. Certainly, it does justice to Atwood’s portrayal of substanceless women, but if it has any clearly defined themes, they are lost on the audience. What more could an audience want but a film that is incoherent and that is filled with vivid imageries? A woman dancing half-naked with a maggot-infested heron. A deadly fight breaking out because someone pipes up, "You play as well as you shoot?" The narrator searching for rock paintings. These fragments make up the backbone of this film and yes, they are shown in the proper sequence, unlike Margaret Atwood’s novel! No more pieces of information surfacing at unpredictable points in your mind, no further need to decipher the narrator’s invented past, and best of all, no need to agonize over the narrator’s painful process of finding her authentic self. In the film, the narrator is given a name, Kate. She is now more tangible, unlike Atwood’s narrator. Everyone knows that tangibility is what makes a piece of work great. At any rate, the film does a great job of stripping everything down to their essentials. Why make you plod through Atwood’s depiction of the tensions that exist between the French and the English? Just remove all that political nonsense! Why create suspense about the truth behind the narrator’s father’s drawings? Remove this as well, for it is a waste of time! Film viewing time is better spent on David and Anna’s preoccupation with sex, after all. Now, be forewarned: Relationships in the film have taken a different route from that of Margaret Atwood’s novel. "Kate" and her boyfriend Joe exchange many a word in the film, and they know one another well. Joe is easygoing and he even romps with David. In Atwood’s Surfacing, Joe is quite a different character. He is quiet and sullen, and he does not even like having the narrator look at him! Being unmarried is looked down upon in this little town, but in the film, when Evans sees "Kate" and Joe together, disapproval is apparent, and Evans comments on how Kate is "growed (sic) up and married." Of course, it may be suspicion on Evans’ part, but one cannot be sure. The most important discovery that the narrator makes in Atwood’s Surfacing is the discovery of her authentic self – the discovery that she needs not be a victim of her false self.

An Analysis of Das Boot Essay -- Das Boot Essays

What is it that makes the film, "Das Boot", stand out in the plethora of war movies? Why was this film, with subtitles and about German World War 2 soldiers, popular enough in America to earn six Academy Award nominations? One possible answer is the characters. Like so many other epics, the sensation of viewing pleasure goes beyond the intense plot and into the intricacy and intimacy of the building blocks of every story: the characters. Director Wolfgang Petersen's mastery is in bringing the viewer into that unfortunate submarine, makes everyone a participant in the horror as one of the characters, creating the feeling of no escape. Then, once Petersen has the viewer "in" the submarine, he presents us with a duality in character type; there are men determined to salvage the mission and thwart disaster, as well as others who are helpless in helping their comrades, doomed to be insufficient and bothersome. Once Petersen has portrayed this conflict, it is easy to see how the level of tension is so high in the submarine. The film begins with the submarine crew drunk and jovial, attempting to enjoy their final moments before their departure. Knowing that the odds of returning alive are minimal, the men appear to throwing their intuition to the stars as they frolic foolishly and even tastelessly. Petersen is presenting the viewer with a group of rowdy boys full of life and indifferent to their future, in stark contrast with the men who arrive at the Mediterranean port later in the film. At this moment, all the men are equals, ready to confront the sea and serve their country. While in the submarine, the nature of these men changes. No longer are they a homogeneous group; rather a number of... ... thing he does like his attentiveness to Hitler's speeches, his meticulous eating habits, and promenading in his Nazi attire, all annoy the crew. His very presence is a distraction to a crew that needs total focus. Although he appears as diligent as the others, his style is different, his attitude is too unnecessary, and his demeanor is too inappropriate for the submarine. This duality is a large component of the tension that resides in the boat. Peterson seems to be making a contrast he to encourage the already mounting tension. Combine this with the life-death aspect of the mission and incredible stress is inevitable. It is a ship mostly full of ardorous men, but the few who don't fit are harpoons in the ship's side. Pederson's film is quite intense and it has to be said that this duality in character portrayal enhances this aspect of the movie.

Reflection paper on date rape for Human Sexuality Essay

There are many sad stories of girls who have been violated by someone that they know. They almost all begin with a wonderful night and eventually get taken advantage of. The woman in the situation may feel as though she asked for it. The male may feel as though she didn’t say no, so if I do this I am doing nothing wrong. It is horrifying to me how many times this has happened to a woman. The number of times it happens to women is the most significant thing about date rape to me, because I didn’t realize that it happened so much. I think knowing this will help me to watch out for things around me a little better and make my trust level go down even further. I think all women need to watch out for themselves in sketchy situations. If she or I feel uncomfortable then she or I should try to avoid the situation before it is too late, if possible. This isn’t always as easy as it sounds though. There have been quite a few times that I was in situations where potentially very bad things could have happened to me and out of pure luck they didn’t. I am usually a very trusting person, but the past couple of years I’ve been having to rethink that and become more of an untrusting person to try to protect myself. Men take their strong, masculine image and use it to their advantage. They may try to use guilt, lies, alcohol, and/or aggressiveness to get a girl to have sex with them. If she declines and he still continues to have sex with her, then he is committing a crime. The worst part is that girls don’t really know who to trust or not to trust. It’s a very scary world in which we live. I wish the world was different and it was ok to trust everyone especially the people you are close to, but since it’s not I have to be really careful when choosing who I will trust.

Informative Speech Outline on Addiction to Prescription Drugs

Informative Speech – Topical Orientation General purpose: Addiction to prescription drugs Specific purpose: To inform my audience about the growing problem of prescription drug abuse, some common drugs that cause abuse, and their effects and some common treatments. Pattern: People living in today’s society must be aware about the dangers that prescription Drugs can cause them, as well as the people around them. Introduction: * Attention : Is it possible that you or someone you love is addicted to prescription drugs? An estimated 48 million people according to the National Institute on Drug Abuse, have used prescription drugs for nonmedical reasons in their lifetime. According to * Credibility: It was a big epidemic in my high school and surrounding schools. Ive lost relationships with people close to me due to their prescription drug addiction. * . Drug addiction is growing rapidly throughout the united states and its effecting all age ranges. * There needs to be more r estrictions placed because people think because the doctor is giving it to them, it is safe to abuse them * .Today im going to discuss what types of prescription drugs are being abused, how it effects your life and health, and possible ways to overcome the spread of the addiction. * Reason to listen: * . Ive come to realize that unfortunately everyone knows someone who is addicted to prescription drugs. * . * Preview: * Types of prescription drugs * The harms they cause * Ways to overcome the spread of addiction Body: A. . 1 .. The three different classes of prescription drugs a. . opioids- used to treat pain-oxycodone, vicodin, roxicet b. depressants-used to treat anxiety and sleep disorders- Xanax, Valium, Klonopin c. . stimulants- used to treat attention deficit disorders- Adderrall, ritalin 2. .. The harms that prescription drugs cause d. . opioids can cause drowsiness constipation and long term could cause severe respiratory depression which is†¦ or in highest doses, death . e. .anti depressants as well as anti anxiety they can cause sexual disfunction weight gain fatigue. with the use of these drugs it’s a chance you can be physically uncoordinated for the first few days until you build your tolerance. . .stimulants can cause enhanced brain activity increase and llertness in energy elevated blood pressure increase heart rate increase respiration and sleep deprivation†¦. Ultimately these three drugs possess the same long term affect when abused; high potential for physical dependence and addiction. 3. Ways for physiciaisn patients and pharamasists to all play a role in identidying and preventing prescription drug abuse. g. . physicians- ask about any and all drug abuse; screening for prescription drug use can be incorporated into routine medical visits.Take note of of rapid increases in the amount of medication needed. f. patients follow directions and be aware of potential interactions with other drugs. Don’t just change your dose without discussing with your doctor first. Never use another persons prescription. Transition: .. B. . Why is prescription drug addiction on the rise? 1. Why is prescription drug addiction on the rise a. Doctors don’t exactly know how many people are addicted to pain medication, but one of the reasons so many people are is the availability. b. Vastly more people have access to these medicines today than 15 or 20 years ago. † a. Responding to patients and pain advocacy groups, doctors may have become less restrictive in prescribing opioid pain pills. There has been a surge in prescriptions for opioids over the past decade — and the creation of millions of potential drug stashes in medicine cabinets across the country. b. Teen drug abuse with opioids is now second only to marijuana in popularity. Almost one in 10 high school seniors report taking hydrocodone (Vicodin) within the past year.Not by coincidence, many of their parents are taking it too: Vicodin and its generic form were the most-prescribed drug of any kind for much of this decade. Transition: .. C. . 2 . What are some ways that we can treat these prescribed drug addictions? h. .Some addictions, such as opioid addiction, can be treated with medications. i. . These pharmacological treatments counter the effects of the drug on the brain and behavior, and can be used to relieve withdrawal symptoms, help overcome drug cravings, or treat an overdose. a.Although a behavioral or pharmacological approach alone may be sufficient for treating some patients, research shows that a combined approach may be best. Conclusion: * Review. * . Types of prescription drugs * .. the harms that prescription drugs can cause * .. ways to overcome the spread of addiction * .. People living in today’s society must be aware about the dangers that prescription drugs can cause them, as well as the people around them. * Closure: Drug addiction is such a wide spread epidemic and all of the people with pote ntial are losing control of their lives by abusing these drugs.

The Usage Of Information And Communication Technologies Education Essay

AbstractionThe universities expenditure on computing machine substructure has increased dramatically for the last five old ages, as the establishments attempts to intermix ICTs into all facets of instruction and acquisition. And with the revolution in ICTs connectivity, handiness, package and hardware handiness is no longer an major issue. As universities are puting immense sum in incorporating ICT into faculty members and the survey aims to understand the pupils and instructors positions on the usage of information and communicating engineerings ( ICTs ) as teaching-learning tools in higher instruction. The survey aims to derive a better apprehension of the function engineerings play in back uping teaching-learning activities and penetration into what pupils and teacher perceive to be the benefits and restrictions of utilizing engineerings in higher instruction. The survey focuses on the alterations in pupil ‘s communicating form with the coming of ICTs. A study was conducted utilizing a graded sampling technique and a structured questionnaire was employed to roll up informations from five 100 pupils of Anna University across all subjects. To understand the instructor ‘s perceptual experience of ICTs an in-depth interview has been conducted among 50 instructors from Anna University. The survey reveals that the pupils are able to have big content in different formats from assorted beginnings and these content fulfil the single demands of the pupils. Networking and interaction among instructors and pupils helps to unclutter the uncertainties round the clock. The technological discovery encourages the pupils to come out of their inhabitancy and is motivated to take part in capable based treatments. This transforms the University campus from the inactive to collaborative and progressive establishment.IntroductionIntegration of ICT in Higher instruction: The bend towards the computing machine based teaching-learning over the past 20 old ages is assumed to hold revolutionized and revitalized the higher instruction sector. Thus, stark ultimatums continue to be made by instruction engineers that universities must either ‘transform or decease ‘ in the face of technological advancement ( Bates, 2004 ) . Higher instruction is undergoing a paradigm displacement by incorporating engineering to leave instruction. The ICT-driven alterations have left constructs like distance and clip wholly excess. What is needed now is the right sort of models for different manners of acquisition and it is indispensable that alterations anticipated over the following decennary or two be taken into consideration. The estimated worth of ICT in India is Rs 4,00,000 crore and is turning at 20 per cent yearly. â€Å" By the twelvemonth 2020, about 25 per cent of India ‘s economic system will be accounted by ICT entirely ( Bhatkar, 2011 ) . While universities have begun to recognize that the acceptance and integrating of information and communicating engineerings ( ICT ) has become a competitory necessity, they have besides begun to recognize that there is still much to larn about how to strategically place ICT to guarantee the greatest positive consequence on university success. ( Romaniello, Rey, Carlos, & A ; Medlin, 2010 ) . Impact of ICT can non be straight measured and can merely be measured by analyzing its indirect effects on the procedure of instruction and acquisition. Universities need to see how technology-based instructional plans are mounted to guarantee that pupils use the Internet effectively as a acquisition tool for assorted reliable larning activities such as carry oning research on a given subject or happening relevant information for an assignment. The Internet can supply the undermentioned three basic types of tools in the educational sphere: Tools for enquiry, Tools for communicating, Tools for bu ilding ( Gudanescu, 2010 ) . 1.2 Information communicating engineering revolution Introduction compose up on ICT with commendations Harmonizing to the wiki books ICT is defined as â€Å" Diverse set of technological tools and resources used to pass on, and to make, circulate, shop, and manage information. These engineerings include computing machines, the Internet, airing engineerings ( wireless and telecasting ) , and telephone. In recent old ages tremendous involvement has been shown by academicians, developers and policy shapers on how computing machines and cyberspace can be efficaciously used for instruction at all degrees. ICT has a important impact in the manner instructors and pupils communicate. Communication in the learning procedure provides a transportation of information between university instructors and pupils. e.g. e-mail communicating over the Internet. Such a natural manner of communicating is verbal ( face to face ) or non-verbal where there is an absence of personal contact of consigner with the perceiver changes the natural theoretical account of communicating between instructors and pupils. The Internet has been interfering with the class of the educational procedure at universities because the modern-day coevals of pupils is sing the Internet to be a to the full natural agencies of communicating non merely between themselves but besides with their instructors. This means of communicating is characterized by important positives ( particularly for external survey ) , but besides negative facets pre-described by the clip facet and particularly by non managing the regulations of such manne r of communicating by pupils. It is for these grounds that the part is dedicated to the Internet communicating at two degrees: university instructors and pupils, the positive and negative facets, which evidently complicate the educational procedure. ( ZeleA?akova , Pavolova , & A ; Bakalar, 2012 ) 1.3 ICT integrating At Anna University: Anna University has taken several enterprises to heighten instruction both by being the content supplier and by supplying the proficient substructure. Digital acquisition is offered to the pupils in assorted formats like Cadmium, entree to e diaries and books through the intranet, audio-video talks programmes are offered free on the web. Video Conference / Video-on-demand installation enable the pupils / module to take part in talks delivered in any campus. Anna University has late introduced Wi-Fi ( wireless cyberspace connexion ) for the pupils and staff which made cyberspace entree possible anyplace, anytime in the campus. This has lead to a dramatic addition in pupils ‘ usage of omnipresent engineerings over a period of one twelvemonth. With the turning trust on information systems and increasing celerity of the debut of new engineerings into larning environment, placing the critical factors related to user credence of engineering continues to be an of import issue. 1.4 Barriers in effectual acceptance of ICT in Universities: The organisational civilization of traditional higher instruction establishments is still defined mostly by the function of the module. The propensity of the mean module member to put in new teaching methods is undermined by two features of traditional academic civilization: the famine of inducements to advance invention in learning excellence and the isolation in which most pedagogical determinations are made. In fact, module members have about absolute liberty over determinations sing instructional quality within the schoolroom, taking one perceiver to mention to higher instruction as â€Å" one of the last centres of craft-based production † ( Taylor 1998 ) . That theoretical account will stay sustainable at some, but non all, traditional establishments. Those driven by external forces to do the most marked alterations will happen their success closely linked to their ability to prolong occupation satisfaction among their module members. 1.5 Need for the survey: Despite immense attempts to place computing machine engineering as a cardinal dogma of university instruction, the fact that many pupils and module make merely limited formal academic usage of ICT during their instruction and acquisition is less discussed by educational engineers. Contradicting the impression of the ‘cyber-campus ‘ , the existent formal usage of new engineerings in undergraduate and alumnus surveies remains inconsistent and extremely variable from class to class and establishment to establishment ( Breen et al. 2001 ; Marriott et Al. 2004 ) . Classroom uses of potentially powerful information engineerings are seen to frequently take the decreased signifier of ‘mindless activities ‘ that do little to change the outlooks, premises, and patterns of higher instruction instruction ( Moule 2003 ) . Regardless of the benefits of ICT supported instruction, it is seen that ICT supported instruction has non been promoted at a coveted degree in the instruction procedure. Among the grounds stated are the concerns that pupils involvement in topic will diminish and pupils get distracted due limited figure of computing machines. On the portion of instructors they have non acquire the needed preparation to utilize ICT efficaciously for learning acquisition and are reported non to happen sufficient clip to be able to utilize computing machines, due to the deficiency of proficient support and strength of the course of study. Above mentioned are some of the issues that are barriers in effectual execution of ICT in instruction.2. Previous ResearchMillennial, Electronic Natives, the Net Generation, many names have been used to depict the new coevals of college pupils, whom experts have identified as being clearly different from the old coevalss in footings of their technological abilities, te amwork accomplishments and openness to participatory teaching methods. However there is general understanding that younger pupils do non hold the same attributes as their older opposite numbers, bookmans and observers still offer divergent appraisals of this contrast. Such contrastive histories suggest that even if younger pupils have greater degrees of comfort or proficiency with new engineerings, it is still problematic whether such traits needfully entail more unfastened, progressive, or positive positions of the educational procedure. ICT is transforming all facets of society-from instruction to civic engagement, employment to leisure. Some writers are optimistic and argue that ICTs can take down costs, supply users with more information, make markets more efficient, and better public service. Some go farther and argue that ICTs can do societies healthier, wealthier and more democratic. While others are more doubting about the adoptability of ICT in higher instruction. Any kid born since the beginning of this century is turning up in a digital universe. Those born at the start of the century, already in the in-between old ages of primary school, have been dubbed the â€Å" Net coevals † or, more descriptively, â€Å" digital indigens † ( Prensky, 2001 ) . Oblinger and Oblinger ‘s ( 2005 ) depict the features of the ‘net coevals ‘ – pupils born after 1980 – proposing that these pupils basically differ from old coevalss in the manner they process information and communicate ( and therefore learn ) . They argue that these pupils are comfy with engineerings and suggest that the ways in which they learn is task orientated and experiential. These scholars prefer to have information rapidly, are adept at treating information and multi-tasking, and utilizing multiple/multi-modal communicating channels to entree information and communicate with friends and coachs. However, Kennedy et Al. ( 2006 ) concur with Sharpe et Al. ‘s ( 2005 ) position that there is a famine of surveies looking specifically at pupil usage of engineerings, reasoning that more empirical research is needed to back up the claims made about the net coevals. They conducted a survey looking at pupils ‘ usage of emerging engineerings, concentrating on how pupils were utilizing these to pass on, print and portion information. Their initial findings point to extended usage of engineering by pupils ; they argue that this has considerable deductions for institutional policy and pattern. Kirkwood and Price ( 2005 ) reported on informations from the Open University crossing five old ages on pupils ‘ attitudes to and experiences of engineerings. They found that there was a dramatic addition in pupils ‘ entree to and usage of ICT over the five-year period. Their meta-analysis revealed that there were differences in pupil entree to, experience of and attitude towards engineerings across capable subjects. Take together these surveies suggest that engineerings are basically impacting on the ways in which pupils learn, but that more in-depth research is needed to understand the niceties of how pupils are utilizing engineerings to back up their acquisition. Surveies that focal point at a more powdered degree of analysis of pupils ‘ usage of engineering are besides of import in the context of our research. De Laat ( 2006 ) studied emergent pupil functions and battle with e-learning activities and found that pupils are actively involved in organizing and modu lating personal and shared acquisition activities. The findings showed that pupils at assorted phases of their class developed peculiar acquisition schemes and facilitation accomplishments to back up their online acquisition. Sweeping anticipations are frequently absorbing, but most alteration processes play out in nuanced and incremental ways. While alteration in higher instruction expedited by engineering is a safe stake for the hereafter, it is every bit certain that engineering acceptance will continue unevenly across the higher instruction landscape and be driven by a broad scope of factors. Switching demographic, market, political, and other forces will necessitate many colleges and universities to redefine their institutional civilizations and missions. In an exploratory survey that examined attitudes and use of ICT among undergraduate direction pupils in Barbados Glenda Gay, et Al ( 2006 ) observed that the pupils were by and large favorable towards ICT. Males were more inclined to integrate ICT in web based direction compared to other instruction activities. Older pupils were more interested in utilizing ICT merely as a addendum to learning activities. They suggest that university decision makers need to turn to the gender and age differences sing ICT use every bit good as develop schemes to keep positive pupil attitudes and high use of ICT. Our accent on digital ICT tools and applications in instruction mirrors profound structural alterations happening worldwide in communications and information industries. The ability to digitise parallel signals and convey them over telecommunications webs is ensuing in the restructuring of the wireless, telephone, telecasting, publication, amusement, and computing machine industries into new multimedia industries that create digital merchandises uniting voice, picture, text, artworks, images, and lifes, and present these signals electronically ( Bane, Bradley, & A ; Collins, 1995 ) . Indeed, the formal usage of computing machine engineerings in many countries of higher instruction could outdo be described as sporadic, uneven, and frequently ‘low degree ‘ ( in stark contrast to the frequently inventive and informal utilizations that pupils and module brand of engineerings like nomadic telephone and other personal digital devices ) . This state of affairs has prompted some observers to disregard ICT in higher instruction as nil more than a ‘service ‘ country of course of study and teaching method which many pupils and module are loath to prosecute with in an active or sustained mode ( Reffell & A ; Whitworth 2002 ) . While rethinking the topographic point of engineering Peter goodyear states â€Å" A important portion of the kineticss of invention in the field of instruction has been engineering push. As each emerging engineering comes onto the radio detection and ranging of instruction, a mix of old and new partisans spend their clip happening jobs that can be addressed by the new solutions. This is a healthy facet of the procedures of placing the educational affordances of a new tool or artifact, but it does promote an unhelpful mentality: one in which the new thrusts out the old, continuity of professional experience is undermined, and technological carts come before educational Equus caballuss. † Students are finally the chief donees of the push to capitalise on ICT to better the entree to and quality of higher instruction. Students in the twenty-first century are ICT indigens who welcome the debut of engineerings in their acquisition procedure. They may even demand the universities to overhaul their systems and learning patterns to maintain up with workplace demands. The anyplace, anytime manner of acquisition and the networked communities harmonize really good with immature people ‘s life styles and the communicating media of their clip and age. All e-learning classs will hold to be designed to fit their acquisition manners and demands. ( UNESCO, 2011 ) . A survey on pupils and university instructors questioning who reciprocally benefit from the Internet communicating in the acquisition procedure point to deficiency of a by and large acceptable degree of the Internet communicating. It indicates that on the one manus, pupils complain about the instead long clip for responses to their electronic mails from instructors every bit good as the reluctance of university instructors to take part in on-line communications. University instructors to a greater extent knock the quality of the Internet communicating with pupils but their demands are non declared clearly plenty or are non declared at all. Both pedagogues and pupils need to be trained to utilize ICT to increase the overall quality of instruction and the effectivity of the communicating between instructors and pupils ( ZeleA?akova , Pavolova , & A ; Bakalar, 2012 ) . Bennett and Bennett ( 2003 ) , who studied the impacts of sensed features of instructional engineering on module members ‘ willingness to incorporate it in their instruction, found out that the most of import factor which impedes the usage of engineering in higher instruction is non the deficiency of technological installations or fiscal financess, but module members ‘ reluctance and their incredulity in the usage of engineering. Medlin ( 2001 ) studied different variables and identified the factors which are likely to impact instructors ‘ determinations on doing usage of electronic engineerings throughout the instruction procedure and found out that the personal motive is an of import factor which forces module members to better their instruction methods and contribute to the acquisition of pupils by technological agencies. Jenny Waycott, Sue Bennett, Gregor Kennedy, Barney Dalgarno, Kathleen Gray ( 2009 ) in their survey that investigated Australian university staff and pupils ‘ perceptual experiences and usage of current and emerging engineerings both in their day-to-day lives and in instruction and larning contexts says that â€Å" For staff, the cardinal restrictions of utilizing engineerings in higher instruction were: additions to their work loads ; usability/technical issues ; the loss of face-to-face interaction.3. AimTo cognize the Teacher ‘s attitude and use of ICT for learning acquisition. To cognize the pupil ‘s attitude and use of ICT for learning acquisition. To place the spreads in the effectual use of ICT among the instructors and pupils. To propose new attacks for effectual use better the ICT.4. METHODology ( look other articles to compose )This survey explores the issues raised in these surveies in more deepness. In order to understand the difference in the perceptual experience of engineering among pupils and instructors of Engineering plan a sample of 500 pupils and 50 instructors was taken for the survey. The research worker collected informations utilizing a ego administered questionnaire. from a graded random sample of 500 pupils from different subjects of Engineering from Anna University. The study was conducted during the month of December 2011. The survey involved an in deepness interview with the instructors from assorted sections to understand their perceptual experience on use of engineering in teaching-learning procedure. A sample of 50 instructors has been taken for the survey. Out of the 50 instructor 20 are in their early 30 ‘s and 15 are in their late 40 ‘s and 15 above 50 ‘s. ( May be in consequences )( How many questionnaire distributed? No. of respondents: aˆÂ ¦ )5. RESULTS & A ; DiscussionThis survey has followed study method and in-depth interview methods to garner the information. Data collected from the different methods loosely classified in four classs like instructors and pupils Attitude to information engineering, Access to information engineering, Usage of ICT and educational content, Change in communicating form due to ICT. These provide a higher-level description of the manner in which pupils and instructors were utilizing engineerings and their associated perceptual experiences of engineerings. The consequences are presented and discussed below.Attitudes to Information TechnologyMajority favorable attitudes to the usage of ICT within the academic environmentTyping assignments 90 %Part of their surveies 95 %Supplementing other learning activities 72 %E-mailing inquiries to instructors 70 %Use computing machines as replacings to other traditional instruction activitiesMale 55 %Female 33 %Preferred utilizing the computing machine as a addendum to learningOlder pupils ( over 22 old ages ) 81 %Younger pupils ( 19 old ages and under ) 19 %Social networking site as observed by many research workersFacebook 92 %Download packages and music 94 %Small figure of pupils on-line purchasing of tickets – ?1. Opinion on ICT based instruction S. No. Description Yes To an Extent No 1 Do you experience incorporating ICT ( Information Communication Technology ) in instruction is of import? 2 Does your college encourage you to purchase new appliances and accoutrements? 3 Do you believe ICT ( information communicating engineering ) can counter the defect in traditional acquisition? 4 Is Blended acquisition ( utilizing computing machine based instruction as a auxiliary tool for learning ) beneficial? 5 Do you believe engineering has an impact on your day-to-day life? 6 Have engineering alterations the manner you communicate with your friends? List the activities you do with the computing machines? S. No. Description Regularly Frequently Occasionally Never 1 Lab work 2 Surf cyberspace 3 Prepare presentation 4 Make assignment 5 Play games 6 Look for lucifer tonss 7 Social media sites 8 Movies/song download 9 Search for intelligence updates 10 Others ( stipulate ) 9. Click the appliances you own from the list below S. No. Description Yes No 1 Laptops 2 Desktops/personal computing machine 3 Mobile with net installation ( GSM ) 4 Mobile without net installation ( GSM ) 5 Ipod 6 Ipad 7 Personal digital assistant 8 Pen thrust 9 External difficult disc 10 Others ( Specify ) This survey found that Engineering pupils were by and large favorable to ICT in an academic scene. The bulk ( 99 % ) of the sample expressed favorable attitudes to the usage of ICT within the academic environment. Computer ownership is high and pupils have become accustomed to being able to electronically entree information. The features of the net coevals are apparent in the information. Besides there is grounds from the information that there is a displacement from inactive to more synergistic facets of acquisition. Technology is at the bosom of all facets of their lives as bulk ( 87 % ) of the pupils own more than 5 appliances namly mobile phone, laptop, desktop, pendrive, mp3. However, pupils were immune to the usage of computing machines as full replacing of the regular, traditional instruction experience. This determination suggests pupils ‘ strong penchant for both signifiers of the academic experience ( i.e. , interaction with the instructor and interaction with information engineering ) . Furthermore, Frizler ( 1995 ) asserts that although computing machines can ne'er replace instructors, computing machines can â€Å" supply first-class and reasonably cheap auxiliary stuffs to heighten schoolroom direction † ( Bataineh and Baniabdelrahman, 2005 ) . Particularly, pupils were more inclined to utilize computing machines for: typewriting assignments ( 90 % ) , portion of their surveies ( 95 % ) , supplementing other learning activities ( 72 % ) , and e-mailing inquiries to instructors ( 70 ) . With regard to gender, no important gender differences were found bespeaking that both males and females by and large had a penchant for the usage of information engineering but the appliances owned by male pupils ( more than 5 ) were relatively more than the female pupils and the clip spent with engineering were higher among the male pupils. However, males ( 55 % ) , to a important grade, by and large preferred to utilize computing machines as replacings to other traditional instruction activities, compared to females ( 33 % ) . Refering comparings utilizing age, no important differences were found. However, a important age difference was found for utilizing the computing machine as a addendum to other instruction activities. Older pupils ( over 22 old ages ) ( 81 % ) preferred utilizing the computing machine as a addendum to instruction, compared to younger pupils ( 19 old ages and under ) . Students use engineerings in their mundane interactions with household and friends are different from their penchants for engineering usage in formal acquisition scenes. For many a pupil ‘s instant messaging and ( 90 % ) societal networking remain within the range of their private lives. Their preferable societal networking site as observed by many research workers remained to be face book ( 92 % ) . Apart from chew the fating over face book they besides used cyberspace to download package ‘s and music ( 94 % ) . Small figure of pupils ( 17 % ) said they do on-line purchasing of tickets, book and appliances. A complete tabular array needed and some graphsInformation seeking and managingStudents are adept at happening and pull stringsing relevant information and synthesising across different information beginnings and utilize a assortment of communicating tools to back up their acquisition demands. Students used the web extensively to widen their apprehension of constructs and supplement class stuff. Search engines and information sites such as Wikipedia were often mentioned. Several reported that seeking with Google was their first action when seeking to acquire information for an assignment. Some of the pupils have reported that they have non found relevant information and had to utilize alternate beginnings of paper- based information. A figure of pupils highlighted that a cardinal benefit of engineerings was the chances engineerings provide in footings of handiness. Despite the many favorable remarks about engineerings there were still some usability issues. Students were critical of severely designed web sites and package which appeared ‘old fashioned ‘ . They stated happening shoping through over-structured web sites, with ill designed pilotage frustrating, as they are used to the ( deceivingly ) simple and seemingly effectual interface of hunt engines. Specialised subject-based sites were often cited. Printed text editions were considered by some to be outdated and hard to digest but were still used by many as cardinal resources. A complete tabular array needed and some graphs . Purpose of internet use: Purpose of utilizing ICT S. No. Description Yes No 1 Doubt elucidations 2 To listen to Lecture 3 Research intents 4 Syllabus based entree 5 Measure yourself 6 Interaction with experts 7 To fix for scrutinies 8 To acquire depth cognition in the country of involvement 9 For undertaking plants 10 To seek occupation chances 11 To seek inside informations about higher surveiesChange in communicating formUse of communicating engineerings to back up their surveies was extended. Many pupils reported utilizing nomadic phones often to phone and text each other, to discourse issues related to their acquisition, and peculiarly for assignment questions. They expressed positive feelings about the communicating engineerings they used, though some found the frequent breaks which arose as a effect of this changeless communicating disruptive to analyze. Email was used universally and was the chief channel for communicating with coachs. About all our communications with the university are through electronic mail. They use email to pass on with everyone, particularly lectors ; set uping meetings, inquiring inquiries about work and questions over assignments, etc. Some preferable to utilize text messages and instant messaging with equals, using the extra functionality available with the latter for sharing files and organizing meetings. Instant courier, free to utilize, easy of usage to talk to people with fast response, ability to portion files across it, ability to work on group undertakings with it, and ability to video conference. Students expected and by and large received speedy responses to their electronic mails and appreciated the flexibleness this provided. Low cost communicating engineerings such as Skype ( package which allows pupils to name people for free or at a low cost via the cyberspace ) , MSN confab and electronic mail were considered priceless signifiers of communicating and were being used in a assortment of different ways ( student-student, student-friends/family, student-department/ university or coach ) . Skype was mentioned by some of the pupils as a cheap, easy manner to maintain in touch with friends and household. For some pupils text messaging and the nomadic phone, although popular, were regarded as more expensive options. Information retrieval from the web was chiefly for text-based stuffs, but pupils besides reported seeking for images ( to include in presentations ) . A complete tabular array needed and some graphs . Mode of Study stuffs circulated by your instructors S. No. Description Regularly Frequently Occasionally Never 1 Photocopy 2 Electronic mail 3 Books ( print ) 4 Pen thrust 5 Mobile 6 Others ( stipulate )Teachers perceptual experience of TechnologyMost of the instructor who were in their early 30s had some entree to computing machine in their higher instruction and hold gone about updating their cognition as they felt learning with the engineering is really effectual. They use power point slides for their category and give online mentions to the pupils. Many instructors felt that with the aid of engineering information aggregation and storage has simplified. They besides encourage pupils to make online entry and connected to pupils through groups and societal networking sites. Many of the instructors who are in their late 40 have non received any formal preparation in computing machine and have learned computing machine on occupation. They said they felt batch of trouble in the beginning but as they started utilizing it, it has simplified and enhanced their instruction. Most of the instructors still prefer books and are more comfy reading books that the vitamin E books. Almost all instructors are comfy with smart category suites and are utilizing batch of multimedia to do their instruction interesting and enlightening. Many of the instructors have besides expressed their sentiment that integrating ICT in learning is clip devouring and needs entree to batch of substructure. They want the establishment to recognize instructors to utilize ICT and supply the necessary substructure so that others who are non users of ICT will be motivated. A complete tabular array needed and some graphs 26. What do you believe is the chief hinderance for integrating of ICT ( information communicating engineering ) in teaching-learning procedure? S. No. Description Strongly Disagree Disagree No Opinion Agree Strongly Agree 1 Lack of Time 2 Syllabus force per unit area 3 Infrastructure inability 4 Addicted to the engineering 5 Not interacting face to confront with people 6 Additions disbursals 7 Others ( delight specify ) 18. Main manner of communicate with pupils S. No. Description Most frequently Frequently Sometimes Rarely Never 1 Face to confront 2 Electronic mails 3 Mobile rivers 4 Forums 5 Chat 6 Web log 7 Others ( Specify ) Mode of Teaching S. No. Description Most frequently Frequently Sometimes Rarely Never 1 Lecture 2 talk and utilize Blackboard 3 Lecture and usage OHP projector 4 Lecture and usage LCD projector 5 Tocopherol contentFINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONSelect of import points from the Results and Discussion and revision hereThis survey found that Engineering pupils were by and large favorable to ICT in an academic scene. Older pupils were more favorable to computing machine usage as a addendum to other instruction activities, compared to younger pupils. Students had entree to computing machines and the Internet off campus. There besides seems to be widespread use of assorted signifiers of information engineering such as Internet, WebCT and electronic mail. Students are comfy with engineering and see it as built-in portion of their life. They are on the whole, sophisticated users – utilizing different tools for different intents, critically cognizant of the pros and cons. Students have specific outlooks and the cyberspace is their first port of call for information and they expect entree to up-to-date/ relevant information and communicating ( with equals, coachs, etc. ) on demand. Teachers use of engineering is promotes pupil larning. Teachers are non merely actively integrating ICT in learning but are besides active web content supplier for the Engineering talks. Experiences instructors are supplying pictures based technology talks for assorted technology classs that are transmitted via orbiter to 39 attached Engineering colleges. Teachers are bit by bit change overing these picture lectures in the vitamin E content formats. Based on the above findings, it is recommended that academicians and class decision makers pay more attending sing the usage of ICT resources as a major constituent in schoolroom instruction. This should function to pull greater support for ICT and e-learning among all classs of pupils.Mentions:Farideh Hamidi, M. M. ( 2011 ) . Information Technology in Education. Procedia Computer Science 3, 369-373. Glenda Gay, S. M. ( 2006 ) . Percepts of information and communicating engineering among undergraduate direction pupils in Barbados. International Journal of Education and Development utilizing Information and Communication Technology ( IJEDICT ) , 9. GraA?inne Conole, M. d. ( 2008 ) . ‘Disruptive engineerings ‘ , ‘pedagogical invention ‘ : What ‘s new? Findingss from an in-depth survey of pupils ‘ usage and perceptual experience of engineering. Computers & A ; Education 50, 511-524. Grineski, S. ( 1999 ) . Questioning the Role of Technology in Higher Education: Why is this the Road Less Traveled? The Internet and Higher Education 2 ( 1 ) , 45A ± 54. Jef C. Verhoeven, D. H. ( 2010 ) . Information and communicating engineerings in the life of university freshers: An analysis of alteration. Computers & A ; Education 55, 53-66. Jing Lei, Y. Z. ( 2007 ) . Technology uses and student accomplishment: A longitudinal survey. Computers & A ; Education 49, 284-296. Kennedy, G. D. ( 2006 ) . The net coevals are non large users of Web 2.0 engineerings: Preliminary findings. ICT: Providing Choices for Learners and Learning. Oblinger, D. G. ( 2005 ) . Educating the net coevals. An Educause e-book publication, ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/pub7101.pdf ) . Prensky, M. ( 2001 ) . Digital indigens, digital immigrants. On the Horizon, 9 ( 5 ) . Monetary value, A. K. ( 2005, June ) . Learners and larning in the 21st century. Surveies in higher instruction, 257-274.2005. Ran Wei, L. L. ( 1998 ) . Owning and utilizing new media engineering as forecasters of quality of life. Telematics and Information sciences 15, 237-251. Sharpe, R. , Benfield, G. , Lessner, E. , & A ; DeCicco, E. ( 2005 ) . Concluding study: Scoping survey for the teaching method strand of the JISC acquisition programme, hypertext transfer protocol: //www.jisc.ac.uk/uploaded_documents /scoping % 20study % 20final % 20report % 20v4.1.doc [ 21/4/07 ] . Selwyn, N. ( 2003 ) . Apart from engineering: understanding people ‘s non-use of information and communicating engineerings in mundane life. Technology in Society 25, 99-116. Selwyn, N. ( 2007 ) . The usage of computing machine engineering in university instruction and acquisition: a critical position. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 83-94.Bhatkar ( 2011 ) , ‘New larning paradigms needed ‘ , Times of India, Retrived fromhypertext transfer protocol: //articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-02-22/pune/28625169_1_distance-learning-distance-education-ict ) . Gudanescu, S. ( 2010 ) . New educational engineerings. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2 ( 2 ) , 5646-5649. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.03.922 Romaniello, A. , Rey, U. , Carlos, J. , & A ; Medlin, D. ( 2010 ) . Higher instruction success and ICT. Bulletin of Applied Computing and Information Technology, 7 ( 1 ) , 109. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //books.google.com/books? id=6S0napW1w2kC & A ; pgis=1 ZeleA?akova , M. , Pavolova , H. , & A ; Bakalar, T. ( 2012 ) . Internet Communication in the Procedure of Education at Universities. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 46, 2711-2715. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.05.552

Loneliness in of Mice and Men

8. Loneliness is a very important theme in Of Mice and Men. Which characters are lonely and why? Of Mice and Men illustrates the loneliness of ranch life during the Great Depression in the 1930’s. Steinbeck creates a lonely and a blue atmosphere at many times in the novel. He uses words ‘Soledad’ which is referred to solitude, which means loneliness; and the card game ‘Solitare’ which means by one’s self. Not all the characters are lonely; Steinbeck makes it clear that only Crooks, Curley’s wife and Candy are the lonely characters in the ranch.The loneliest character is Crooks. He is isolated from the other ranchers because of his race. He isn’t allowed to join any social activities at the ranch and is completely left out alone. He’s so lonely that he considers reading books to accompany him. Even though he doesn’t show it, he is desperate to have someone to talk to. When Lennie comes in his room, Crooks just keeps o n talking to him and doesn’t care whether he was listening or not. Crooks says to Lennie â€Å"A guy goes nuts if he ain't got nobody. Don't matter no difference who the guy is, longs he with you.I tell ya a guy gets too lonely an’ he gets sick. † This shows that he desperately needs a friend to talk to and he’s at the point where he is becoming emotionally sick of it. Crooks also says â€Å"An' never a God damn one of `em ever gets it. Just like heaven. Ever'body wants a little piece of lan'. It's just in their head. † This shows that he has no hope for a bright future and that he doesn’t believe that the men from the ranch are ever going to a better place. The second loneliest is Candy, an old swamper at the ranch who is disabled due to an accident in the past.His only companionship is his ancient dog, until Carlson shoots it for him because it is old and useless, just like Candy. Later on in the novel, he wishes he should have shot the do g himself, which is similar to the ending of the novel. When his dog dies, he looks for new friendship, he doesn’t want to grow older being by himself. He hopes George and Lennie will become his friends when he hears them talking about their dream ranch. He offers his savings for the dream, which makes George and Lennie's dream begin to be actually possible to achieve. S'pose I went in with you guys. That's three hundred and fifty bucks I'd put in†¦ How'd that be? † This shows that he really intends to be part of the dream. He is useless at the ranch, he knows that he’s going to be sacked sooner or later and he will have no place, no friends and nothing. That’s why he is giving his savings for the dream ranch, which possibly he could live the rest of his life in. Candy desperately tries to be a part of the dream shows us how lonely he really is. Curley's wife is the least lonely character out of all three.She’s controlled by her husband, Curley , who doesn’t let her speak to any of the men on the ranch, which leads her into being lonely. Even though Curley's wife is mentioned frequently, Steinbeck doesn’t reveal her real name throughout the whole novel. All the ranchers consider her as an object, instead of a normal human being. The ranchers don’t even bother to start a conversation with her because of her husband, who thinks he is all tough and strong. Curley’s wife has no female friends on the ranch, so the ranchers are her only option, but too bad they don’t want to be friends with her.She realizes that Lennie isn’t like the other men and she intends to be friends with him. She says to Lennie â€Å"Think I don’t like to talk to somebody ever once in a while? † This shows that she’s trying to say that she is desperately wants to talk to somebody as she hardly ever talks to anyone because nobody at the ranch listens to her. Although she has a husband which sho uld make her not as lonely as she really is, the fact is that he ignores her and just goes out to Cat houses once in a while, yet he doesn’t allow to talk to anybody or to go anywhere.I think in conclusion, loneliness have a big affect on people. It makes Crooks, Candy and Curley’s wife suffer. Crooks says he’s sick because he doesn’t have anybody to talk to. Candy is very old and his old dog is his only friend, which then gets shot, which makes him even lonelier. Curley’s wife dies because she has no one to talk to as well, so when she starts talking to the childish Lennie, who accidently kills her in the barn. I think the other men like Slim, Carlson and Whit are also lonely but they don’t make it as a big deal and they just go on with their lives